Process of cracking hydrocarbons



Feb. 25, 1930.

G. EGLol-TF Er AL PROCESS 0F CRCKING HYDROCARBONS Filed June 28. 1926 l j, ha.

Patentedy Feb. 25, 1930 UNITED STATES PATE-NT OFFICE GusTAv EGLOFF AND .IACQUE C. MORRELL, vuusAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF SOUTH DAKOTA or' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIGNORs To UNI- CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION or :PROCESS OF CRACKING HYDROCARBONS Application filed .Tune 28,

This invention relates lto improvements in process of cracking hydrocarbons, and refers more particularly to that type of process in which the oil is dephlegmator In processes of this character, the residue from'thel expansion chamber, contains more or less carbonaceous orpit'chy material which if itis rerun through the crackingcoils, has a pronounced tendency to clog or choke them up.

The object of. the present invention is to breakdown thek heavy more or less solid or pitchy coke-like materials into more or less colloidal form where they are held in suspension inthe liquid Aportions of the residue. l This liquid -residuewith the colloidal suspension is Vthen passed again either through v'the same-oranother cracking coil, and again subjeotedtocracking conditions of heat and pressure. Such process obviously increases the yield of gasoline inasmuch as more of this colloidal material or heavy residue is converted into'gasolinethan is now the case.

The inventlon will be understood from the following description, referenceV being had to the accompanying drawing, in which the single figure 'is a more or less diagrammatic 'view'of the apparatus for carrying out this invention.

l pass out of through the pipe 12 controlled by the valve Referring to the dra-wings, 1 designates a yfurnace'in which is mounted the heating coil 2 connected by transfer line 3 having valve 4, to the expansion` chamber 5. In the furnace may, if desi'red,lbe a second heating coil I6 connected by transfer line 7 having valve 8 to the expansionchamber 5. The vapors pass out of the expansion chamber through the v apor pipe 9 having valve 10 to the lower side of the "dephl'egmator 11. The vapors the top of the dephlegmator .13 tothe condenser coil 14and the receiver 15. "This receiver l is provided with gas outlet pipe 16 controlledby valve 17 and with liquid drawofl'I pipe 18 controlled by the valve 19. 'Ifhe-reiux condensatefrom the system may 1926. serial No. 118,903.

ipe 2o and hat ou drawoff pipe 26 controlled by valve 27, andthence passed continuously through a colloid vmill 28, and thence through the line 29, pump andline 31 to the second heating coil 6. If the liquid residue is too hot to enter the colloid mill, it may be passed to the cooler 28shown.

If desired, the second heating coil 6 might perhaps be dispensed with, and the residue passed through the branch 32 to the line 23, the branch 3 2 havingthe valve 33. The process may be carried out as follows: he oil is passed through the first heating coil 2 and thence delivered at a transfer temperature of say 900 F. to the expansion chamber 5. The vapors 1l`where the insuiciently cracked portions are condensed as reflux condensate and redelivered to` the coil 2.for further cracking. The uncondensed vapors pass out of the top of the de phlegmator into the water condenser and recelver.

As a Vfeature of the invention, the liquid residue containin the pitch, coke`or carbonaceous material eretofore referred to, ispassed continuously through a colloid mill where the solid or pitch-like particles are broken up into colloidal form, and remain in colloidal suspension in the liquid portion of the residue. This residue so treated, is then passed back to the system in the manner heretofore described. The whole system may be maintained under a uniform pressure of 200y pounds more or less, and the temperature may be 850o F. more or less. v

Bylmeans of the process just described, we materially increase the yield of gasoline from a 'given charge of Vtinuous Operation.

We claim as our invention:

pass to the dephlegmator oil, and as part of a con- 1. A process of cracking hydrocarbon oil, u

drawing oi the residue and subjecting it to further cracking but prior thereto passing the residue through a colloid mill Where the solid-like particles are broken up into substantially colloidal suspension in the liquid f portion of the residue. p'

2. A process of cracking hydrocarbon oil, consisting in subjecting the oil to cracking conditions of temperature and pressure whereby vapors are evolved and solid-like particles are precipitated, removing and collecting the cracked vapors, drawing 0E thev residue containing the solid-like particles cooling the residue, breaking up said particles into substantially `colloidal suspensions in the liquid portion of theresidue, then subjecting the residue to cracking conditions of temperatures and pressure. l

GUSTAV EGLOFF. y JACQUE C. MORRELL. 

